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Cardiology

Cardiology Diagnosis

ABNORMAL EKG
An EKG is a test to diagnose and monitor many heart conditions and their treatments. An abnormal EKG would require more testing. What should you expect for your EKG? An EKG test only takes a few minutes. It generally includes these steps: You will lie on an exam table. A provider will place several electrodes (small sensors that stick to your skin) on your arms, legs, and chest.
ARRHYTHMIA
A Heart Arrhythmia occurs when the heartbeat increases, decreases or becomes irregular. Heart rhythm issues happen when the heart’s electrical impulses fire improperly causing an abnormal heartbeat.
A-FIB (ATRIAL FIBRILLATION)

Atrial fibrillation (A-fib) is an irregular and often very rapid heart rhythm (arrhythmia) that can lead to blood clots in the heart. A-fib increases the risk of stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) causes the heart’s two upper chambers to beat irregularly and too fast. Typically, small cells give off electric signals that cause the heart to beat steadily. An electrocardiogram (ECG) can measure if the signals are elevated or are within a normal range.
CAD W/OUT ANGINA
Also called silent ischemia. Silent ischemia occurs when the heart temporarily doesn’t receive enough blood (and thus oxygen), but the person with the oxygen-deprivation doesn’t notice any effects.
CAD W/ ANGINA
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common type of heart disease. It is the leading cause of death in the United States in both men and women. CAD happens when the arteries that supply blood to heart muscle become hardened and narrowed.
CARDIOMYOPATHY
Cardiomyopathy (kahr-dee-o-my-OP-uh-thee) is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body. Cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure.

CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE

Congestive heart failure occurs when the heart stops pumping blood efficiently. Specific heart conditions such as narrowed arteries or high blood pressure will leave the heart too weak or ridged to pump and fill correctly.
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Coronary Artery Disease occurs when the blood vessels in your heart become narrowed and cannot supply your heart with enough blood, nutrients, and oxygen.
DIABETES MELLITUS
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction, and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and blood vessels.
HEART DISEASE
Heart disease is a term that is used to describe a range of conditions that affect your heart. These conditions include coronary artery disease, heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias), blood vessel diseases, and heart defects you were born with (congenital defects).Cardiovascular disease is a term also used interchangeably with heart disease. 
HYPERTENSION
Hypertension (high blood pressure) happens when the blood puts too much force on the artery walls. This pressure damages the tissue inside the arteries which creates plaque along the artery walls.
HHD/LVH
Hypertensive heart disease (HHD) is a common problem in clinical practice. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is pathognomonic of HHD. Echo-Doppler study is the modality of choice to document cardiac involvement in hypertension.
PALPITATION
Heart palpitations can feel like pounding, flip-flopping or the wrong amount of heartbeats. Most people get them because of anxiety. Other causes include: pregnancy, caffeine, alcohol or spicy food. Heart palpitations are common and usually aren’t dangerous.
SOB W/WOUT EXERTION
“Shortness of breath on exertion” is a term used to describe difficulty breathing when engaged in a simple activity like walking up a flight of stairs or going to the mailbox. Shortness of breath on exertion is a sign that your lungs aren’t getting enough oxygen in or not getting enough carbon dioxide out. It can be a warning sign of something serious.
SYNCOPE
Syncope is used to describe a loss of consciousness for a short period of time. It can happen when there is a sudden change in the blood flow to the brain. Syncope is usually called fainting or “passing out.”

Cardiology Testing

EKG
An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) records the electrical signal from the heart to check for different heart conditions.
Echo
An echocardiogram is a graphic outline of your heart's movement using ultrasound from a hand-held wand placed on your chest to take pictures of your heart's valves and chambers.
Echo Stress
Stress echocardiography is a test that uses ultrasound imaging to show how well your heart muscle is working to pump blood to your body. It is most often used to detect a decrease in blood flow to the heart from narrowing in the coronary arteries.
ETT
The stress test (ETT) involves undergoing an electrocardiogram test as well as wearing a blood pressure monitor while walking on a treadmill.
Event Monitor 
An event monitor is a portable device used to record your heart's electrical activity when you have symptoms. It records the same information as an electrocardiogram (ECG), but for longer durations of time.
Holter Monitor
The Holter monitor is a type of portable electrocardiogram (ECG). It records the electrical activity of the heart continuously over 24 hours or longer while you are away from the doctor's office.
Nuclear Stress
Nuclear stress test is an imaging method that uses radioactive material to show how well blood flows into the heart muscle, both at rest and during activity.
 Tilt Table 
A tilt table test attempts to determine the cause of syncope by creating changes in posture from lying to standing. 
Pacemaker check 
Doctors check cardiac devices on a regular basis to make sure that they are working right and aren't causing any problems and to check the battery. Your doctor can also get information about your heart rate and heart rhythm. These devices can help your doctor know how your heart is doing.